Face recognition

Face acknowledgment Face acknowledgment are forms associated with acknowledgment of countenances. Clarifications of face acknowledgment incorporate component examination versus all encompassing structures. Recalling and perceiving faces are a significant ability one applies every day of their lives. It is imperative to the social collaborations, to work and school exercises, and in people groups individual family lives. Albeit a large portion of the exploration around there has been attempted on faces it is in certainty uncommon, all things considered, that we have to recognize somebody from their face alone. Data from a people garments, voice, peculiarities and so forth, and the setting where we experience them all assistance in the distinguishing proof procedure Sometimes we neglect to remember somebody since they are not wearing the garments we ordinarily observe them in or on the grounds that they are in a sudden setting. Comprehensive structure hypothesis is a flighty to highlight examination way to deal with face acknowledgment. Despite the fact that highlights are significant in portraying faces and accordingly have some task to carry out in face acknowledgment, reliance just on base up preparing for such a mind boggling action is improbable. Bruce and Young (1986) proposed a top down way to deal with face acknowledgment in which they contended that perceiving a face is a profoundly perplexing procedure including put away information on semantic and passionate data and is in this way significantly more than including the whole of a faces highlights. As indicated by the Holistic methodology a face is perceived all in all, breaking down the different highlights as well as the design of the face, the connection between the individual highlights, emotions stirred by the face and semantic data about the face. Such a methodology is some of the time alluded to as a layout model (Ellis 1975) whereby we hav e a put away format or example for every individual as we probably am aware and when given a face attempt to coordinate this boost to our psychological layout. A few investigations show how acknowledgment relies upon the design or setup of the face all in all. Youthful and Hay (1986) exhibited the significance of configurable handling of appearances. They cut pictures of celebrated faces on a level plane and guaranteed the members could perceive the two separate parts. At that point they joined two separate parts together and estimated time taken to and exactness of, naming the top and base parts of the composite figures. This demonstrated hard for members as the composite appeared to create another comprehensive face in which it was hard to see the different parts. An especially interesting find was that if the composite appearances were transformed members could name the to half obviously superior to when the countenances were the right far up, in spite of the way that modified appearances are ordinarily a lot harder to perceive. Comparative exploration includes upsetting the design of the appearances in different manners, either by scrambling the facial highlights or by reversing the face. Haig (1984) indicated how acknowledgment times expanded for countenances of renowned individuals where the separating between highlights or the arrangement of highlights had been modified. Yin (1969) found that transformed appearances are a lot harder to perceive. Despite the fact that blunders are discovered when endeavoring to perceive any article that has been modified, faces appear to deliver specific troubles. Cohen (1989) proposes this shows faces are ordinarily perceived comprehensively, and reversal annihilates the worldwide example connections between highlights. Along these lines, such discoveries could be deciphered as proof for the all encompassing way to deal with face recognition.Mohammad An agreement has built up that the procedure hidden face distinguishing proof (which means the procedure by which an individual perceives a visual improvement as being Aunt Bertha, my mail bearer, or Arnold Schwarzenegger) and the procedure fundamental most types of essential level article acknowledgment (Which means the procedure by which an individual perceives a visual boost similar to a table, a pontoon, or a human face) are unique. Various lines of proof indicating separations between face distinguishing proof and fundamental level article acknowledgment bolster this end. For instance, faces are more hard to recognize in photographic negatives than are essential level articles (Bruce Langton, 1994; Galper, 1970; Galper Hochberg, 1971; Phillips, 1972), and faces show more noteworthy acknowledgment costs when flipped around than do fundamental level articles (Carey Diamond, 1977;Scapinello Yarmey, 1970; Yin, 1969; see Valentine, 1988, for an audit). Extra proof that face ID and essential level item acknowledgment are practiced by various procedures originates from work in neuroscience. Sergent, Ohta, what's more, MacDonald (1992), utilizing positron outflow tomography (PET), discovered locales of the correct side of the equator that become dynamic during face ID that are not dynamic during fundamental level item acknowledgment. Further, a righthemisphere advantage for recognizing faces is very much recorded (for surveys, see Davidoff, 1982; H. D. Ellis, 1983), while the proof for hemispheric specialization during essential level article acknowledgment is far less clear, with certain examinations finding a left-side of the equator advantage (Bryden Rainey, 1963; McKeever Jackson, 1979; Wyke Ettlinger, 1961; Young, Bion, Ellis, 1980), others finding aright-side of the equator advantage (Schmuller Goodman, 1980), and still others finding no bit of leeway for one side of the equator over the other (Biederman Cooper, 1991; Kimura Durnford, 1974; Levine Banich, 1982). Maybe the most influential proof that essential level item acknowledgment and face distinguishing proof are cultivated by various procedures originates from investigations of mind harmed patients demonstrating a neurological twofold separation between the two procedures. Farah (1994) discovered 27 cases in the writing in which patient demonstrated impeded face recognizable proof yet flawless basiclevel object acknowledgment and 16 cases in which a patient indicated weakened essential level article acknowledgment yet unblemished face distinguishing proof, contending emphatically that distinctive neural take away underline with two assignments Given that face ID and fundamental level item acknowledgment happen through various procedures, the following intelligent inquiry to consider is the way the memory portrayals utilized for the two procedures may contrast. The most regular hypothesis in the current writing is that faces utilize designed or all encompassing portrayals, while essential level articles use featural portrayals. Shockingly, this technique for portraying the distinctions in the portrayals is somewhat dubious, and as OToole, Abdi, Deffenbacher, also, Valentin (1995) and Bruce and Humphreys (1994) called attention to, it has various implications for various analysts. At the point when specialists state that face ID employments Further help for a comprehensive model of face acknowledgment originates from considers researching the prevalence of acknowledgment over review. Individuals have been seen as reliably better at perceiving faces seen before than they are at reviewing them. An investigation by Ellis et al (1975) delineates the troubles associated with reviewing faces. Members were indicated six photos of male appearances for ten seconds and afterward asked them promptly to review the face with the goal that it could be reproduced utilizing photograph fit materials. At the point when judges endeavored to select the objective face from the photograph fit recreations just a normal of 12.5% recognizable pieces of proof were right showing that the reproduced faces didn't intently take after the first upgrade face. It appears that so as to depict a face we have to change over our put away mental portrayals of that face into words. The way this is by all accounts so troublesome thus inadequate as delineated in this investigation would show that we do store faces as wholes as opposed to as sets of independent highlights. As indicated by Bruce and Youngs Holistic model of face acknowledgment there are various sorts of data that can be gotten from faces, some of which are utilized for natural countenances and others for new faces. When initially we see a face it is encoded basically, implying that we encode the visual data, preparing the vibe of the face. In the event that this matches a current face acknowledgment unit (FRU) at that point this will be enacted. The FRU contains physical data as well as semantic information. Actuation of the FRU triggers initiation of the individual personality hub which empowers access to an abundance of data about the individual including their occupation, interests, where we typically experience them, regardless of whether we are alright with them or not, whether we share companions for all intents and purpose or not. The last stage in the acknowledgment procedure takes into account name age. As indicated by Bruce and Young names are put away independently to the FRU and individual character hubs yet must be gotten to through the personality hubs. This would clarify the baffling and humiliating experience of knowing heaps of insights concerning an individual we meet however not having the option to think about their name. Youthful, Hay and Ellis tried the Holistic model in 1985. They requested that members keep a journal and record issues experienced in face acknowledgment consistently. Out of 1008 episodes there were no reports of naming a person without knowing other data about them. Be that as it may, in 190 cases the inverse happened, members announced knowing data about people yet couldn't name them. These discoveries are reliable with the grouping of occasions proposed by the all encompassing model where by names must be gotten to if semantic data been gotten to first. Further examination of the journal information indicated that of the 1008 episodes there were 233 reports of encountering recognition with no close to home data being accessible. Again this backings the successive idea of the model as these future situations where a FRU has been activated causing the sentiment of commonality, however the personality Node has neglected to actuate, subsequently the absence of accessibility of any ad ditional data about the individual. Comprehensive structure t

Wilson vs conservative and Liberals free essay sample

It was the quality of the restriction powers, both liberal and preservationist, as opposed to the incompetence and determination of President Wilson that prompted the Senate destruction of the Treaty of Versailles. Utilizing the archives and your insight into the period 1917-1921, survey the legitimacy of this announcement. The announcement It was the quality of the restriction powers, both liberal and moderate, as opposed to the idiocy and tenacity of President Wilson that prompted the Senate destruction of the Treaty of Versailles. Is just to some degree legitimate. While the quality of the restriction powers had a huge influence in the annihilation of the Treaty of Versailles, however the way that Wilson was the pioneer of one side of the resistance and he advised his side not to bargain could fill in as confirmation that his determination was what cause the thrashing for the arrangement. It was Wilsons determination that prompted the development of such solid resistance powers, which at last prompted the thrashing of the arrangement of Versailles. We will compose a custom exposition test on Wilson versus moderate and Liberals or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page So as to comprehend the circumstance that prompted the destruction of the settlement, it is important to distinguish what the staying point was. For this situation it was Article X of the Treaty which would submit US troops to inclusion in outside undertakings if another individual from the class was compromised. While President Wilson called this a war of saving the world safe for majority rule government so he could legitimize having sent soldiers over to Europe in the Great War (Document C) many saw it was a marriage of America to Foreign entrapments (Document E). Anyway Document E shows a figure named US Senate blasting through the window attempting to stop this marriage. The principle issue in the senate was the dedication of US troops to remote clashes. This issue caused Henry Cabot Lodge to lead the Republicans in the house to request that Wilson alter this arrangement of the settlement. In light of this interest Wilson asked Democrats in the Senate to acknowledge no trade offs and to just proposal to endorse the settlement as it seemed to be. In the event that the Republicans had acknowledged the settlement as it seemed to be, at that point the League of Nations may have been progressively fruitful however American soldiers may have passed on in clashes that with out the arrangement, the United States would not have been a piece of, then again had Wilson acknowledged this amendment, it may show that the United States didn't place confidence in the League of Nations, yet the United States inability to sanction would, at long last, fate the League of Nations to fall flat. Taking everything into account its announcement was the quality of the resistance powers, both liberal and preservationist, instead of the clumsiness and willfulness of President Wilson that prompted the Senate thrashing of the Treaty of Versailles. isn't totally legitimate. Had the different sides cooperated to attempt to arrive at some center ground, at that point perhaps the settlement may have been confirmed, yet Wilson and Lodge were reluctant to bargain and in this way set the League of Nations up for disappointment, and put the world one bit nearer to a subsequent universal war.

Blog Archive Friday Factoid Columbias Program for Financial Studies

Blog Archive Friday Factoid Columbias Program for Financial Studies Already well known as a finance powerhouse, Columbia Business School (CBS) stepped up its finance game in 2010 with the establishment of the Program for Financial Studies. The umbrella initiative connects faculty who approach financial studies from a variety of disciplines with students, alumni and external organizations. The programs main goals are to support research, enhance the Columbia finance curriculum and related resources for students and create opportunities for the exchange of ideas between Columbia students and faculty and members of the external finance community. Finance wonks will enjoy the program’s finance case studies, including The Norwegian Government Pension Fund: The Divestiture of Wal-Mart Inc., written by Professor Andrew Ang, and Don’t Be Evil: Google’s 2004 Dutch Auction Initial Public Offering, written by the program’s director, Professor Laurie Hodrick. For more information on other defining characteristics of the MBA program at CBS or one of 15 other top business schools, please check out the  mbaMission Insider’s Guides.  If you are applying, our  CBS Interview Guide  can help you put your best foot forward. Share ThisTweet Columbia University (Columbia Business School) Friday Factoids Blog Archive Friday Factoid Columbias Program for Financial Studies Already well known as a finance powerhouse, Columbia Business School has stepped up its finance game with the recent (2010) establishment of the Program for Financial Studies. The umbrella initiative connects faculty who approach financial studies from a variety of disciplines with students, alumni and external organizations. The programs main goals are to support research, to enhance the Columbia finance curriculum and related resources for students and to create opportunities for the exchange of ideas between Columbia students and faculty and members of the external finance community. Finance wonks will enjoy the program’s finance case studies, including The Norwegian Government Pension Fund: The Divestiture of Wal-Mart Inc., written by Professor Andrew Ang and Don’t Be Evil: Google’s 2004 Dutch Auction Initial Public Offering, written by the program’s director, Professor Laurie Hodrick. Share ThisTweet Columbia University (Columbia Business School) Friday Factoids

Overview of the United States Air Force Art Collection

The conditions of war are rather difficult and require a great deal of concentration and determination. This is one of the reasons for which the United States Army has developed several mechanisms through which its soldiers and recruits can ensure a wider variety of recreational activities that drive them away from the stress of everyday assignments. These include art and music, which are essential for relieving some of the pressures that soldiers face in their duty. There have been numerous attempts through which aspects such as art and music have come to be connected with war-like conditions and that have determined an improved state of mind of the soldiers. At the same time however, there is a constant need to further contemplate the activities undergone by soldiers through different manifestation of recreational endeavors that include, among others, art and music. The United States Air Force has provided the necessary background to encourage the establishment and further development of an artistic view on the activities undergone by its members through the US Air Force Art program. One of the main aspects of the mission of the program is The United States Air Force Art Collection documents the story of the Air Force through the universal language of art. The actions and deeds of Air Force men and women are recorded in paintings by eminent American artists in a way words alone could never tell. These paintings are both historical and educational and expose theShow MoreRelatedThe Idea Of The Absurd3255 Words   |  14 Pagescare for humanity the way we seem to want it to. The atheist view of this statement is that people create stories, or gods, which in their minds transcend reality to fill this void and attempt to satisfy their need. Now Let’s Begin†¦ †¦ In many works of art there are many emphasizes of the absurdity of an individual’s existence while there are, at the same time, many things encouraging that idea that life’s meaning is from what the individual makes of it. Through this, a person may feel a stronger senseRead MoreMuseums Essays10752 Words   |  44 Pagescontinuity and change, to preserve and protect cultural and natural heritage while vividly illustrating the progression of the human imagination and the natural world. This  article  provides an overview of the different types of museums and explains how they acquire, care for, and exhibit their collections. It also discusses educational programs at museums and profiles museum staff and professional organizations. 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The flow of the questions will be in the subsequent order recommended by the research put forth. The end state will be an academically sound and as well as precise and accurate method of instruction designed to meet all program outcomes. The areas researched are (1) obtaining a management degree, (2) becoming a licensed pilot, (3) government regulations, (4)Read MoreDesigning a Sustainable Solid Waste Collection System in Morocco11666 Words   |  47 PagesWaste Collection System in Morocco Introduction Solid waste management is a matter of great concern in most urban towns in developing countries around the world. The local authorities are responsible for managing municipal solid waste but are in most cases, they are unable to discharge their duties effectively because they lack the capacity to handle the complexities of the process in terms of the design and appropriate systems. 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At the time that the London eyes was opened no-one thought that it would became one of the most popular paid tourism attraction in united kingdom, visited by over 3.5 million people annually. Visitor attractions include: fairground attractions (including theme parks); piers; historic railways; Madame Tussaud’s and the London Eye. 1.1.2 Natural A Natural attraction is a place of interestRead MoreNational Security Outline Essay40741 Words   |  163 Pages1 CHAPTER 2: Theoretical approaches to national security world order 4 CHAPTER 3: Development of the International Law of Conflict Management 5 CHAPTER 4: The Use of Force in International Relations: Norms Concerning the Initiation of Coercion (JNM) 7 CHAPTER 5: Institutional Modes of Conflict Management 17 The United Nations System 17 Proposals for Strengthening Management Institutional Modes of Conduct 23 CHAPTER 6: The Laws of War and Neutrality 24 CHAPTER 7: War Crimes and Nuremberg

Two sides of the same coin Evaluating 74th Constitutional Amendment Act - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2048 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Two sides of the same coin: Evaluating 74th Constitutional Amendment Act Abstract: To strengthen the position of urban governance in a more organized manner, the government of India took a pivotal initiative through the enactment of the 74th Constitution Amendment Act. In this paper I attempt to analyse the role of 74th constitutional amendment in increasing the functionality, authority and efficiency of the urban local bodies, in terms of the powers rendered to the urban local bodies under the 74th constitutional amendment. I attempt to analyse the effective and efficient implementation of the 74th constitutional amendment by including a small case study of urban governance in the city of Chandigarh, Punjab. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Two sides of the same coin: Evaluating 74th Constitutional Amendment Act" essay for you Create order Introduction: The system of local service delivery through the means of local government bodies began with a Budget Speech by a member of viceroyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s council Samuel Laing, he proposed that local services should be based on local resources. Local governance bodies have been a part of Indian governance system since the British Era, the first Municipal Corporation was set up in Madras in 1688 followed by Bombay and Calcutta. In the beginning local governance bodies were mere implementation instrument of state governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s activities but since the introduction of the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, there has been a change in this status quo. Since the early 1990s there has been a lot of initiative undertaken by the Government of India which were aimed at decentralisation of urban governance, this was the part of adoption of neo-liberal policies adopted by the government after facing failure of the state-led development model, as for under this model the governme nt kept its role secondary giving more importance to market oriented approaches. Under this step taken by the Government of India enactment of the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, was one such initiative, this gave constitutional recognition to urban local bodies and a constitutional right to exist. AnewTwelfthScheduletotheConstitutionprovidesrecommendedlistoflocalfunctions. Under the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, it requires the state governments of all the states to amend their respective municipal laws so as to increase the powers and authority of the urban local bodies, as quoting the line for the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“withsuchpowersandauthorityasmaybenecessarytoenablethemtofunctionasinstitutionsofselfgovernanceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act provides a base to the state the ability to transfer certain responsibility and authority to the urban local bodies i.e. municipalities in order to provide a strong base for mu nicipal local governance in cities, in this regard several state government has amended their state legislature in the same regard. Under Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission, it is mandatory to undertake the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act and implement in the respective state legislatures. It is under the article 243ZE of the constitution which requires all the state governments to review the existing municipal laws and either repeal or modify those which are inconsistent with the provision of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act within one year from the commencement of the Act.[1] 74th Constitutional Amendment Act in a nutshell: Features and Issues Features of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act 74th Constitutional Amendment has been constituted in congruence with the idea of new public management. Under this concept the major role the state play is of withdrawing itself from directly influencing the market activities and let demand and supply correct the course of market. One of the features of this concept is that the government breaks down the huge monolithic government beaurcracies, which refers to heavy decentralisation of responsibilities and authorities. According to my understanding the enactment of the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act is very much influenced by this characteristic of new public management. Before the enactment of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act the role of urban local bodies was merely of implementation of activities undertaken by state and national government. Constitutional status has been granted to the urban local bodies under the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, under which a three tier structure of the urban local bodies has been env isaged. Formation of Municipal Corporation for larger area with higher populations the example of this can be Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation, and creation of municipal councils for smaller areas which includes towns like Upleta in Gujarat, and creation of village panchayats for villages that are in transitions to become towns. Under this amendment the governing members of the municipal corporation are being elected by the people through an election in a similar way in which the members of the lok sabha are elected, the election is conducted, managed and regulated by the state election commission. This indicates that the democracy has established deep roots in the political system of the country. Under article 243Y, it makes it mandatory for every state to establish a state finance commission as it is defined by article 243I. The function of the state finance commission is advising the Governor of the state regarding the distribution of funds between state and municipalities w hich also includes the revenue generated from tolls, taxes and duties. The state finance commission also acts as a auditing organisation which scrutinises the employment of the finances to the urban local bodies. The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act in its article 243ZD and 243ZE makes it mandatory to form committee for district planning in each district and committee for metropolitan planning in every metropolitan area. These committees endeavour to provide newer dimension for the role of citizens and its elected representatives in preparation of plans for their respective regions, infrastructure plan being it most important component. It is sometimes that cities in the same districts share certain natural resources or problems like allocation of water, waste management which might create overlapping situations; it is the function of committee for district planning to cater to such scenarios. Whereas committee for metropolitan planning caters to the increasing infrastructure an d amenities demand in metropolitan cities due to expansion of its boundaries or population. Under this act the urban local bodies are endowed with responsibilities for formulation and implementation of schemes for economic and social development, the subjects for the same have been specified under the 12th schedule i.e. article 243W. Issues in the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act The enactment of the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act marks a transformation in the role of urban local governing bodies in terms of the urban governing bodies being constitutionalised and substantial authorities being granted to them under the act regarding decision making to acquiring finance, but still certain questions remained unanswered. The first issue in implementation of the act is the identification and demarcation rural and urban areas. In states like Gujarat, West Bengal, Kerala, approximately two third of towns are non-municipal towns.[2] Even though these towns in these states have higher prevalence of non-agricultural activities these town are not recognised as cities and are still under the status of villages, this is because under the status of villages the state government can sanction grant for implementation of projects for rural development like MNREGA, NREGA etc. while on the other hand if these area are classified as cites the states would not be able to sanction money for such developmental activities from the government and the state itself will be responsible to provide grants for further infrastructure development in these newly formed cities. The implication of this is that the local bodies lose out on better sources of finance. Therefore due to the vested interest of the members of the political structure of the state barriers are created in the implementation of the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act. The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act makes the urban local bodies responsible not only for mere implementation of the state directives, but also makes them responsible for carrying out activities for social and economic development under 18 subject mentioned under schedule 12 i.e. article 243W, but the act does not make it clear how the three tier bodies i.e. municipal corporations, municipal councils and nagar panchayats will work in synchrony in order to accomplish this tasks. The act leaves it to the discretion of the stat e to work out the arrangement in this regard. One of the objectives of enacting 74th Constitutional Amendment Act was increasing people and private participation in urban planning, but due to public and private organisations being suspicious about the functioning of the urban local bodies, there has been no significant change in this regard. Case Study: Implementation of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act in Chandigarh I have adopted the following case study from an article by Deepak Sharma titled as: An Evaluation of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act: A Case Study of Chandigarh, India Background Chandigarh is a union territory and a joint capital of the state of Punjab and Haryana. With around 9, 00,000 population it is one of the fastest growing city. The municipal corporation of Chandigarh was formed in 1994 and its jurisdictional area is around 79.34 kms. The municipal corporation of Chandigarh came into being after passing of Punjab Municipal Corporation Law ordinance, 1994 under the Punjab Municipal Corporation Act, 1976. The functioning of the Chandigarh Municipal Corporation is done by formation of various committees that are allocated with different task for the governance of the city. The example committees under the Chandigarh municipal corporation are as follows: Water Supply and Sewerage Committee Roads Committee Slum Development Committee Fire Services Committee Environment City Beautification Committee House Tax Committee Finance Committee Contract Committee Report of findings Under the74th Constitutional Amendment Act, the urban local bodies is also been charged with activities of social and economic development for the empowerment of the citizen of the particular cities, but in Chandigarh there has been incongruence with the mandates of the act, where the Chandigarh Municipal Corporation has been partially endowed with such responsibility education and health and the Chandigarh administration maintains a monopoly, this lead to overlapping functions, and it is conceptually against what has been mandated in the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act. As per the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, the members of the urban local bodies have to be elected by the people of the city, this what has been implemented in the Chandigarh Municipal Corporation as well, but as the members of the municipal board belong to different political parties, there has been difference of opinion regarding decision making and implementation of project, which in turn delays or eith er sabotages the developmental or infrastructural initiative by the Chandigarh municipal corporation at times, here there has not been a failure of the act, but this is because of different political parties acting as per their own vested interest. The municipal corporation in Chandigarh faces issue of funds accumulation because of two reasons. The first being that the funding grants are in the hands of Chandigarh administration which at times end up either blocking or delaying transfer of funds to the Chandigarh municipal corporation and the second being the inefficient state finance commission. Even if the funds are being allocated only a small fraction is employed in implementation of project as due to the layer of political agents that end up utilising funds from their own purposes. As mentioned above that the Chandigarh municipal corporation has been facing dearth of funds, one of the reason is that the municipal corporation has failed to recover tax arrears, majorly thes e tax arrears has been because there has been defaulters amongst liquor vendors and water tariffs. Thus this implies 1) there is an improper record system in the Chandigarh municipal corporation leading to arrears as large as $112,375,000[3], 2) extensive corruption. Conclusion: From the information about the enactment, features, flaws of the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, and by presenting the case study of Chandigarh Municipal Corporation, I finally conclude that the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act is apt in its spirit of empowerment and decentralisation of function and responsibilities to the urban local bodies, but there lies an issue with the effective implementation of the act. In this regard the blame can be given to the still existing beauracratic structure of governance in India leading to rent seeking and red-tapping, but along with this there has been lack of awareness and motivation amongst the public which are an equal part of the governance system. Appendix: References [1] Article: Implementation of the 74th Constitutional Amendment and Integration of city planning and delivery functions. [2] Adopted from article: Features of 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment [3] Figure adopted from Article: Evaluation of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act: A Case Study of Chandigarh, India by Deepak Sharma

Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X - 1491 Words

During the Civil Rights Movement, which lasted from 1865 to the late 1960s, three different amendments were composed and ratified in favor of African Americans. Many famous African Americans, from musicians to authors and leaders to entertainers, sprouted from the influence of this period. Two strong leaders from this era were Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. Martin Luther King Jr. made a bigger impact on the population than Malcolm X because of his speeches, beliefs, direct and peaceful activities, and the effect his death had on the population. Martin Luther King Jr.’s belief was that people of all colors, including both blacks and whites, could live in eternal peace and equality. King believed that â€Å"an unjust law is no law at†¦show more content†¦They Sunni â€Å"claim that the Shi’a has distorted the meaning of various passages in the Qur’an† (Beck, pg.271). There are significantly more Sunnis than Shi’as, the other Muslim gr oup, in the world. Malcolm X received a religious name, as well, which was El-Hajj Malik El-Shabbazz. He also challenged the religion, Orthodox Islam, of Elijah Muhammad. Malcolm X traveled across the world preaching to others, and as he talked more and more, he realized that, his beliefs were very close to King’s. Malcolm X was learning more and more that King’s beliefs and teachings were in fact, superior. Martin Luther King Jr. wrote and delivered many speeches in his lifetime. However, perhaps one of the best known and the most easily recognized of his speeches is â€Å"I Have a Dream.† But many ask, what in particular about this speech made it have such a great impact on the population? He uses repetition to make important words stand out. Such instances occur with the words and phrases: â€Å"now is the time†, â€Å"I have a dream†, â€Å"let freedom ring†, and â€Å"free at last† (Narins, par.6,15,22,27). All of these words hav e to do with blacks becoming free, or acquiring civil rights and equality. King also used imagery in his speech when he compared a â€Å"sweltering summer† to the Negro’s unhappiness of the lack of freedom and justice. Martin Luther King Jr. also usedShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr. And Malcolm X Essay836 Words   |  4 PagesWithout Martin Luther King, there is no Malcolm X. Without Malcolm X, there is no Martin Luther King. There couldn’t have been one without the other. They were complete opposites; they were two of the most different men. Nevertheless, they were fighting for the same thing. They were fighting for the civil rights of African Americans in a country thought to have been based on â€Å"freedom† and â€Å"equality†. These two men were brave enough to stand up for what they believed in, for what was right. They wereRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. And Malcolm X811 Words   |  4 Pagesmisconstrued as a harangue. To be more pre cise, Malcolm X’s outcries can be deemed as both impolitic and radical. There is often a dichotomy between Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. Martin Luther King Jr. is often noted as taking the most agreeable tactics in order to translate his message. Malcolm X, radically different, approached racism in a more contentious rendering in an already contentious standing. Radical change calls for a radical movement, Malcolm X demanded an American form of equality, inRead More Malcolm X and Martin Luther King, Jr. Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesMalcolm X and Martin Luther King, Jr.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  African Americans are fortunate to have leaders who fought for a difference in Black America. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X are two powerful men in particular who brought hope to blacks in the United States. Both preached the same message about Blacks having power and strength in the midst of all the hatred that surrounded them. 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Speeches during this period served as a means to inspire and assemble a specific group of people, for Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X it was the black community that needed to rise up in hopes of achieving equal rights and voting rights for the blacks. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were two of the most prominent leaders and orators at the heart of the Civil Rights Movement. Although both leaders possessed the same objectives, theirRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. vs. Malcolm X1263 Words   |  6 Pages* Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X are two people on different ends of the scales, with totally different up-bringings. * King was brought up by a rich black family,with a good education, and a good chance at life. He was a black aristocrat, and a wealthy man. * Malcolm X was brought up in the ghetto, and had to learn to defend himself against racist white children. He was deptived of his father, who was found dead, murdered by a white mob. His mother became mentally ill so he wasRead MoreMalcolm X Vs. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pagesthis momentous time in United States history. Speeches during this period served as a means to inspire and assemble a specific group of people, for Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X it was the black community that needed to rise up in hopes of achieving equal rights and voting rights for the blacks. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were two of the most prominent leaders and orators at the heart of the Civil Rights Movement. Although both leaders possessed the same objectives, theirRead MoreDifference Between Martin Luther King Jr. And Malcolm X987 Words   |  4 PagesDifference in Approaches Between Martin Luther King Jr.and Malcolm X During the Civil Rights Movement, African Americans, both men and women, fought for basic human rights and opportunities that should have never been taken from them in the first place. These were rights that every being was born with, so it was a very frustrating and exhausting situation to be demanding to be viewed as an equal in a society that thought otherwise. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X were two of the most prominentRead MoreCompare the Philosophies of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X976 Words   |  4 PagesCompare the philosophies of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X. how their goals for the African American community similar and/or different? How their strategies for reaching those goals similar and/or different? During the past century there were two influential people Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X who grappled with the problem of inequality between black and white people. They both wanted to bring hope to blacks in the US through their powerful, hard-hittingRead MoreThe Beliefs of Martin Luther King Jr. versus Malcolm X Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesof Martin Luther King Jr. versus Malcolm X â€Å"I have a dream, that one day little black boys and black girls will join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sister and brother.† (de Kay 75)†¦Martin Luther King Jr. During the past century, the United States of America has wresled with the problem of inequality between black and white people. Two influential people who helped to combat racism and the inequality of man were Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. Martin

Mississippi River Flood free essay sample

The Mississippi River flood of 1927 actually started In the summer of 1926 with heavy rain n the central basin that eventually overtook the levee systems which were ineffective against the flood. According to Wisped, the floods were so bad that they flooded over 27,000 square miles which was double the volume of the amount of water in Niagara Falls. In April of 1927, there was 15 inches of rain that came down on the city of New Orleans, with floods up to 4 feet high covering some parts of the city.Wisped also states that the flood caused over $400 million In damages and killed 246 people In seven states. Clearly, the flood was destructive and did extensive damage to the cities near the Mississippi River. According to the Encyclopedia of Louisiana, almost 1 million people were displaced from their homes. According to instrumentals. Org, after the flood, record companies were looking for blues artists who were making songs about the flood. We will write a custom essay sample on Mississippi River Flood or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These companies were looking for specific themes about the destruction of the flood, deaths, Injustice that was brought on from the flood. Mainly because It was a hot topic and knew that music would be popular amongst the black communities who were effected by the disaster. There were many songs made by blues artists about the flood, three of them were called Lonnie Johnnys Broken Levee Blues, Charlie Patrons High Water Everywhere, and Barbecue Bobs Mississippi Heavy Water Blues. In Broken Levee Blues, Lonnie Johnson references how he was forced to work the levee, he was scared the levee would break and flood his home, the police forced him to work or he would go to Jail, but he refused to work. The people that were affected by the flood can definitely relate to this song, it was probably very popular when It was released. In charge Patrons, High Water Everywhere, he references everything being flooded and says ex.s going to move to Greenville and Vicksburg because they are cities in the north that would not flood.This probably had an influence on the people who decided to migrate north to find new homes away from the flood zones. In Barbecue Bobs Mississippi Heavy Water Blues, he seems to be sad because the flood destroyed his home, It took the life of his lover, he has no money and nothing Is left but mud everywhere. Many others could relate to what this song expressed which is why it was a hit. The Great Flood of the Mississippi River had a major impact on the Great Migration of African Americans from the deep south of the United States to the North.Wisped states that blacks moved from 14 states of the south with most of the people leaving Mississippi, Alabama, and Louisiana to the west, Midwest, and the north regions. The flood forced people t o leave the areas affected by It because and start new lives in cities like Chicago, New York, Cleveland, and Detroit. Most families and individuals were out on their own, the government did not give them any assistance. The flood effected some cities in a positive way because their economy started to boost. Cities like Cleveland became industrialized.Everything was not all good for the southern migrants in their new cities as they still suffered from discrimination, but they were headed in the right direction. The roots of the blues were derived from slave workers, church music, and field hollers. According to the University of Chicago website, The Great Migration brought Jazz musicians north for the same reasons that other people did: failing crops, the flood, better pay, and discrimination in the south. Many of the African-Americans from the south moved north, including the musicians.This had an effect on the transformation of blues music to other genres like the Chicago Blues. The blues were transforming from music that was being played in the fields, to being played in the clubs and started to grow in popularity which was different than what most of America was used to. Most people listened to European music so they were not used to the blues at first. I think that as many African Americans headed north, it was as if the blues were telling the rest of the blacks in the south to follow. The blues definitely had an impact on the great migration because they helped to convince more African Americans to move Roth.The Great Flood of 1927 had a major effect on African American culture and music. Specifically the Mississippi Delta blues. The flood was extremely destructive and took many lives and left many people homeless. They were all forced to move away, but with the help of blues musicians it made life easier and gave the African American migrants something to believe in and hope for by listening to their music and seeing how they had become successful by moving north. The blues music began to evolve and turn into the popular music that we listen to today.